Molecular Interaction Analysis

Implementation

Interpretation

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keywords

Label-free, binding constant, kinetics, molecular interaction, SPR, optical resonance, whispering gallery mode

Short presentation
Label-free molecular interaction analysis using optical resonance.
Real-time biosensing similar to SPR (surface plasmon resonance):
Binding constants and kinetics of molecules interacting with surface-immobilized ligands can be determined in real time without any labels.
Advantages compared to other techniques (i.e.SPR/QCM):
highest sensitivity
sensitive towards molecular orientation
quantitative (molecular weight, surface densities and polarizabilities can be
determined directly)

Please refer to http://www.rowland.harvard.edu/rjf/vollmer/images/limit_new.pdf
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Usual measurement Exotic measurements

Record change of the resonance wavelength of an optical microsphere cavity

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Anisotropic measurements by tracking the change of resonance wavelength of TE (transverse electric) and TM (transverse magnetic) modes

Gaging the thickness of an adsorbed layer by measuring the resonce wavelength change for two different wavelength

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Orders of Magnitude
sensitivity: 1 pg/mm2 mass loading on sensing are (corresponds to 1 RU in SPR instruments)
small: microsphere sensors are typically ~200 um radius
fast: data can be acquired >MHz
referenced: measurements can be referenced

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materials
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Materials:

- Laser: distributed feedback laser (DFB)
- single mode optical fiber
- Photodetector
- provision for tapering an optical fiber (either with hot flame or with HF)

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Providers:

Laser: Thorlabs
Optical fiber: Thorlabs
Photodetector: Thorlabs

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Detailed description
Current-tunable DFB laser is connected to optical fiber. Transmission spectrum is acquired with photodetector at the other fiber end. A microsphere is in mechanical contact with a tapered portion of the optical fiber. Resonances appear in the transmission spectrum as Lorentzian-shaped dips. A computer program tracks the dip position over time. Please
refer to http://www.rowland.harvard.edu/rjf/vollmer/images/aplwgmb.pdf

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Figures and supp materials

Original paper describing the basic setup and measurement


Perturbation theory for the wavelength shift


Example: referenced DNA detection and SNP discrimination, DNA array


simple REVIEW article describing the technique
Other application
Chiral discrimination when implemented as ring-resonator.
Possible displacement sensor when implemented as fiber ring-resonator.

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Related techniques

http://www.rowland.harvard.edu/rjf/vollmer/index.php3

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References

http://www.rowland.harvard.edu/rjf/vollmer/pubs.php

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Contacts
Frank Vollmer vollmeratrowland.harvard.edu
The Rowland Institute
Harvard University
100 Edwin H.Land Blvd
Cambridge, MA 02142
http://www.rowland.harvard.edu/rjf/vollmer/index.php